Abstract

Western observers have endlessly debated the strategic implications of AUKUS. However, little attention has been paid to Chinese perspectives on AUKUS, despite the pact's implicit rationale to curb Beijing's perceived strategic ambitions. The article provides an objective and evidence-based examination of thinking on AUKUS within the Chinese decision-making community. The goal is threefold: first, to inform audiences outside China about its key concerns; second, to understand how these concerns are being constituted as narratives within China; and third, to highlight opportunities for improved dialogue to avoid policymaking communities remaining in self-contained silos. Some of China's concerns about AUKUS are real and valid, and it is helpful to identify Beijing's perceived threats, which namely concern arms racing, nuclear risks, containment, and a return to a Cold War mentality. Recognizing these does not imply appeasement of China's growing assertiveness. The aim is to create opportunities for strategic dialogue and shape a more peaceful and predictable global system.